Throughout the ages Catholic education helped to foster the identity of Lithuanian nation. The Academy of Vilnius, established by the Society of Jesus in 1579, laid the foundations to the development of university studies and academic research. The seminary of Vilnius, established 1582, started the tradition of spiritual formation.

Catechetical training coincided with the development of book publishing and the Lithuanian literary texts. Publishing and educational activity was influenced by interconfessional tensions in the epoch of Reformation. In 19 century public education was among the priorities of some outstanding pastors. Bishop Motiejus Valančius is famous for his popular writings with educational impact.

The first half of the 20th century was marked with re-establishment of national educational structures. Catholic schools made important contribution within the system of public schooling.

Communities and organizations develop various initiatives and projects of education.